WIE WAREN EIGENTLICH DIE "AUXILIA" AUFGESTELLT? PHIL BARKER WEISS ES WIE IMMER GANZ GENAU...
(denn er war dabei; ich leider nicht)
Wie immer bei militärhistorischen Fragen ist PHIL BARKER die richtige Adresse.
"AUXILIARY INFANTRY" (TRUPPENSTÄRKE DER EINHEITEN):
"A COHORS QUINGENARIA had 6 CENTURIAE and a COHORS MILLIARIA had 10. A COHORS EQUITATA added 4 TURMAE of cavalry if QUINGENARIA and 8 TURMAE if MILLIARIA."
Und er fährt fort:
"The suggestion first made in the original edition of this book that all CENTURIAE had an official strength of 80 rank-and-file and all TURMAE an establishment of 30 has since become universally accepted by archaeologists and historians."
Dennoch gebe es davon abweichende Theorien, die in Büchern vor 1972 vertreten werden. Dabei habe man versucht, die Zahlen mit den Angaben des HYGINUS in Einklang zu bringen, der eine QUINGENARIA mit exakt 500 Mann und eine MILLIARIA mit 1000 Mann angibt.
BEFEHLSHABER:
"A COHORS QUINGENARIA was usually commanded by a PRAEFECTUS COHORTIS."
Wurde eine solche Einheit jedoch mit dem Bürgerrecht geehrt (damals empfand man dies noch als Ehre!), bekam sie den Status der LEGIONES (s. auch den Zusatz "CIVIUM ROMANORUM") und als KOMMANDEUR höchstwahrscheinlich einen TRIBUNUS.
INTERNE ORGANISATION: "was the same as that of their legionary and cavalry equivalents."
ARTILLERIE: "Auxiliary Cohortes did not have any artillery of their own, but the men were trained in its use in garrisons."
DRILL (das, was meinen Schülern fehlt!): "Infantry formations and drill were like those of legionary infantry..." (und da war man nicht zimperlich!)
FUNKTION: "...the main difference being that auxiliaries were regarded as especially suitable for work in difficult terrain such as in woods or over steep hills. Their training must therefore have emphasised mobility and flexibility rather than rigid formation keeping. Except for those units primarily armed with the bow, they were mainly hand-to-hand fighters, though their lighter missiles, shields and armour would put them at a disadvantage to Legionarii in that respect."
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PHIL BARKER: THE ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF IMPERIAL ROME (Organization, tactics, dress and weapons. 146 illustrations and 200 shield patterns).
Ich kann das Werk nur empfehlen!
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R.