AUXILIARY CAVALRY SECUNDUM PHIL BARKER:

1.) alied cavalry/ late republic: "nothing is known of the organisation...except that it always appears in multiples of 500 or 1000."
2.) ALA QUINGENARIA="16 TURMAE of 30 rank-and-file ("Mannschaften") each, giving a total of 480.
3.) ALA MILIARIA="24 TURMAE, giving a total of 720"
4.) seltene Form: die ALA PEDITATA: "added an unknown form of infantry CENTURIAE"
5.) Kommandeur: PRAEFECTUS ALAE: dieser war meist von "equestrian order" und diente vorher als "TRIBUNUS MILITUM" in der LEGIO "after first commanding auxiliary infantry as a PRAEFECTUS COHORTIS."
6.) Kommandeur einer TURMA: der DECURIO "and a second-in-command who may have been an OPTIO."
7.) Feldzeichen: VEXILLUM und SIGNA ("carried, possibly by individual TURMAE, possibly by groupings of TURMAE."
8.) antike Autoren addieren die beiden Offiziere der TURMA zu den Mannschaften dazu: 30+2=32
("Unlike the infantry, officers, standard bearers and musicians fought in the ranks..."
9.) Es gibt keinen Beweis  dafür, daß eine ALA Untereinheiten hatte. Doch oft findet man diese Möglichkeiten:
a) die ALA wurde in 2 Hälften gesplittet
b) die Kavallerie zweier halb berittenen COHORTES wurde zusammengelegt, so daß sich das Äquivalent einer ALA ergab
c) denkbar wäre auch, daß die ALA in "sub-units" zu 3 mal 10 unterteilt wurde
10.) "basic formation for a TURMA": "2 ranks of 16 files"; "minimum frontage per file": 3 feet ("opening out as speed increased"; "minimum depth per rank": 9 feet ("probably increasing to 13, 5 on the march"); "with several horses' lenghts between the two ranks when charging.")
11.) "most common tactics":
a) "charge in line throwing javelins, the turning simultaneously away to the right with shielded sides to the enemy and reforming at a distance" (fronatge: 9 feet)
b) "the same but charging home ("wirkungsvoll") with hand weapons instead of or after throwing" (frontage: trot: 3 feet; gallop: "more like 4 feet".
c) "a galloping circle with each man throwing in turn at his nearest approach."
12.) Verfolgung: "If the enemy broke, half each ALAE would persue at a gallop while the other half followed more slowly as a reserve with fresher horses in case of an enemy rally."
13) "Feuerkraft"/ Wirkung: "Each Roman cavalryman could throw as many as 20 light javelins in a single attack according to ARRIAN's cavalry training manual, and this could probably produce a species of  'fire shock'. The galloping approach could also be easily converted to a charge home if the enemy front crumbled under the impact of the missiles."
14.) frühkaiserliche Kavallerie kämpfte oft abgesessen und focht dann wie Auxiliarinfanterie
15.) Status: "an ALA had much the same status as LEGIONARII" (jedoch nicht bei gemischten Kohorten und bei "mounted infantry"!)
("because none of the existing cavalry would accept a second class status.")
---
Damit ist alles gesagt. PHIL BARKER hat gesprochen, und die Sache ist erledigt! PHIL BARKER LOCUTUS, RES FINITA!
---
PHIL BARKER: THE ARMIES AND ENEMIES OF IMPERIAL ROME.
---
R.